Charter Bus Booking Vancouver

Charter Bus Booking Vancouver

Comfortable bus rental

The plush seating is more than just a place to sit-it's your ticket to relaxation, with reclining features and ample legroom. But safety isn't the only priority; your comfort is equally paramount. These aren't your typical gas-guzzlers; they're modern vehicles powered by alternative fuels and advanced systems that significantly reduce emissions. We've also integrated the latest technology for your entertainment and connectivity. Bus driver service Learn more about Charter Bus Booking Vancouver here They're with you every step of the way, from pre-trip planning to post-trip follow-up, ensuring your experience is smooth and hassle-free.
Star Coach understands the importance of making your special day run smoothly. In recent years, an impressive 60% of luxury bus rentals in Vancouver have been attributed to Star Coach, a company that's quickly become synonymous with the epitome of travel opulence. Sport team transportation With a luxury bus, you're not bound by the typical constraints of public transport. Another success story comes from a bride who used Star Coach for her wedding day.
Their goal is to transform your journey into a memorable part of your event. First off, they've upgraded their fleet to include buses powered by cleaner energy sources, such as electric motors and biodiesel fuels. The overhead compartments are generous, allowing you to store your carry-on items without sacrificing your personal space. You can rest easy knowing that reliability is a cornerstone of their service.

Wedding bus rental

  • Executive bus charter
  • Vancouver city
  • Bus services
  • Bus line
  • Senior group travel
  • Festival shuttle
  • Tour transportation
  • British Columbia
  • Licensed bus operators
  • School bus rental
  • Charter transportation
  • Team travel
  • Transport charter
  • Vancouver region
  • Bus transportation

By exploring what makes Star Coach the go-to choice, you'll uncover insights that could redefine your expectations for luxury travel. Learn more about Vancouver Charter Buses by Star Coach here. If you're looking to unwind, take advantage of the onboard entertainment system, complete with a selection of movies, music, and games. From scenic drives through the Canadian Rockies to exploring Vancouver's vibrant city life, you have the power to create the perfect trip. But what truly sets them apart in the bustling bus rental market?

Star Coach isn't just about transporting you from point A to point B; it's about ensuring your journey is as memorable as the destination itself. Understanding the complexities of Vancouver's roadways, we've mastered strategic route planning to ensure your travel is as efficient and timely as possible. Vancouver And it doesn't stop after you've booked your bus. That's why they've built a reputation for being on time, every time. You'll start by selecting your desired service, whether it's a luxury tour of Vancouver's breathtaking sights or a stylish, comfortable ride for a special event.

Moreover, when you opt for luxury transportation, you're also choosing peace of mind. Exploring Vancouver becomes an unforgettable adventure when you're aboard one of our luxury buses, designed to elevate every moment of your journey. Whether you're celebrating a milestone birthday, organizing a wedding, or planning any significant celebration, Star Coach's bus rental services in Vancouver offer the perfect transportation solution for your special event. You won't be left hanging.

You won't need designated drivers, and the party starts the moment you board. We've thought of everything to keep you entertained, making your journey with us not just a trip from A to B, but an experience to remember. Moreover, the ability to customize doesn't stop at choosing a bus. They offer insights and recommendations, enhancing your itinerary with hidden gems and must-see spots that only locals know about.

While signature amenities enhance your journey, the comfort and space provided by our luxury buses ensure a truly relaxing travel experience. You don't have to worry about navigating through a maze of options or dealing with last-minute availability issues. Vancouver region Moreover, safety and comfort are top priorities for Star Coach. Beyond their driving capabilities, Star Coach's staff are well-versed in handling logistics and customer relations.

Vancouver Passenger Transportation

Vancouver has hosted many international conferences and events, including the 1954 Commonwealth Games, UN Habitat I, Expo 86, APEC Canada 1997, the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009; several matches of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup including the finals at BC Place in downtown Vancouver, and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics which were held in Vancouver and Whistler, a resort community 125 km (78 mi) north of the city. In 1969, Greenpeace was founded in Vancouver. The city became the permanent home to TED conferences in 2014.

Citations and other links

Private Corporate Coach Rental Vancouver

On the other hand, their minibuses are perfect for navigating the city's bustling streets, offering easy access to all the sights and sounds without the hassle of parking large vehicles. But what truly makes their approach revolutionary? Crew shuttle And, let's not forget the climate control system, which maintains an ideal temperature, ensuring you're comfortable no matter the season. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a luxurious wedding, or a scenic tour across Vancouver's breathtaking landscapes, they've got you covered. Want to impress your clients with a sophisticated ride?

It's all about making sure your travel is as seamless and enjoyable as possible.

Metro Vancouver

  1. Comfortable bus rental
  2. Wedding bus rental
  3. Vancouver
  4. Bus charter
  5. Bus provider
  6. Bus driver service
  7. Metro Vancouver
  8. Vancouver BC
  9. Minibus rental
  10. Private bus rental
  11. Crew shuttle
  12. Sport team transportation
  13. Vancouver area
  14. Team travel
  15. Transport charter
  16. Vancouver region
  17. Bus transportation
  18. Downtown Vancouver
Need multiple stops? In short, they've set a new standard for bus travel, where you don't just reach your destination, you do so feeling refreshed and relaxed. After exploring our onboard entertainment options, let's not forget that your safety is our top priority as we cruise through Vancouver.

Imagine reclining in plush, spacious seats that allow you to relax or work with ease, complemented by personal charging stations to keep your devices powered throughout the trip. They understand that it's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about how you get there. Many testimonials also commend the drivers' professionalism and friendliness, ensuring you feel welcome from the moment you step on board. Choosing Star Coach means you're not just getting from point A to point B; you're making the journey part of your love story. Transport charter

Whether you're dreaming of a classic, elegant arrival or a more modern, whimsical entrance, they've got you covered. It's this dedication to excellence that has solidified Star Coach's position at the top of the bus rental market. It's all about making your Vancouver adventure as memorable and personal as possible. Next, your journey takes you to the bustling Granville Island, where the public market presents an array of local delicacies, artisan crafts, and lively performers.

Private Corporate Coach Rental Vancouver
Upscale Group Transportation Vancouver

Upscale Group Transportation Vancouver

It's simpler than you might think. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a family reunion, or a school trip, these packages let you pick routes, destinations, and stops that cater specifically to your group's interests. You won't have to worry about cramped legs or a stiff neck; there's ample room to stretch out and relax. Bus charter First, you'll need to visit their website or give them a call. Highly recommend Star Coach for any group looking to travel in comfort.'These testimonials highlight the satisfaction and high regard clients have for Star Coach. Private bus rental

Questions? Exploring Vancouver becomes an elevated experience when you choose a luxury bus for your transportation. The Prevost H3-45 luxury coach redefines your travel experience with its spacious interiors, offering more room for both comfort and storage. Star Coach's fleet of luxury buses redefines travel comfort, offering an unparalleled experience as you explore Vancouver.

From the plush seating that whispers comfort to the entertainment features that keep the boredom at bay, there's a lot to discuss about how these buses are redefining travel norms. If you have a specific theme or ambiance in mind, let's know. They're not just drivers; they're your personal ambassadors to the city, packed with fascinating stories and insights that you won't find in any guidebook. That's it!

It's this combination of diverse options and an accommodating approach that ensures Star Coach meets any requirement with unparalleled service. Want to spend a little longer soaking in the sights at a particular spot? Mark, who organized a corporate retreat with Star Coach, mentioned, 'It's rare you find a service that impresses your bosses and supports eco-friendly practices. It's not just a ride; it's a journey tailored to your desire for sophistication and comfort.

Group Airport Transfers Vancouver

As you step inside, you're greeted by plush, reclining seats that promise relaxation throughout your journey. Whether you're drawn to the pulsing heart of downtown, the serene landscapes of Stanley Park, or the cultural richness of Granville Island, you have the freedom to choose. Vancouver BC Wrapping up, these testimonials paint a vivid picture of why choosing Star Coach is more than just hiring a bus service-it's about ensuring a comfortable, safe, and enjoyable journey for everyone involved. You'll find that their reviews paint a picture of unparalleled luxury, reliability, and customer care that's hard to match. Moreover, we don't just rest on the laurels of our existing fleet; we're constantly updating and maintaining our buses to meet and exceed the highest standards.
They've got it. Beyond ensuring your safety and comfort, Star Coach's commitment extends to providing unparalleled customer service, ensuring your experience is seamless from start to finish. Or picture your corporate team traveling together to a retreat or conference, fostering team spirit and camaraderie along the way. How about entertainment systems for a long ride with kids? Team travel
From state-of-the-art GPS tracking systems that monitor buses in real-time to advanced emergency braking systems, they've got it all covered. It's a win-win: you enjoy top-notch service while supporting eco-conscious transportation. They've streamlined operations to cut down on unnecessary trips, reducing overall emissions.

Metro Vancouver

  1. Vancouver BC
  2. Minibus rental
  3. Private bus rental
  4. Crew shuttle
  5. Sport team transportation
  6. Vancouver area
  7. Team travel
  8. Transport charter
  9. Vancouver region
  10. Bus transportation
  11. Downtown Vancouver
  12. Travel coach
  13. Event shuttles
  14. Transport services
  15. Custom bus rental
  16. Coach hire
Read more about Charter Bus Booking Vancouver here Imagine not having to worry about the logistics of your trip because you've got a team that's got it all covered.
You can reach out via phone or email, and we'll assist you in tailoring your reservation to meet your specific needs. In Star Coach, every detail is thoughtfully considered to ensure your journey is as enjoyable as your destination. Wi-Fi connectivity keeps you plugged in, while onboard entertainment options ensure there's never a dull moment. Navigating the bustling streets and scenic routes, we take into account real-time traffic updates, construction detours, and local events that might impact your journey.

Group Airport Transfers Vancouver
Upscale Bus Charter Vancouver
Upscale Bus Charter Vancouver

Star Coach has got you covered. We consider factors like the time of day, the nature of your event, and your preferences for scenic versus direct routes. Isn't it a happy coincidence that you're in need of corporate and event travel solutions in Vancouver just as Star Coach unveils its top-tier bus rental services? Bus provider Every vehicle in Star Coach's fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced braking systems, stability control, and continuous mechanical inspections to guarantee reliability on the road.

Through consistent delivery of high-quality service and a fleet that boasts the latest in comfort and technology, they've carved out a niche that's hard to compete with. You'll find each vehicle in their fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced GPS tracking, to keep you on the safest route and allow for real-time location updates. Star Coach doesn't stop at their vehicles.

Building on our commitment to a customized luxury experience, we equip each bus with advanced onboard amenities to enhance your journey. Plus, the professional drivers aren't only skilled at navigating the city's streets but also committed to your safety and well-being. Whether you're planning a corporate retreat, a big family reunion, or a school trip, they've got you covered.

Let's be part of your next occasion, and we'll ensure it's as memorable as the event itself. Their attention to detail is unmatched, from the choice of onboard entertainment to the professionalism of their drivers. From the moment you reach out for a booking, you're met with a team eager to tailor every detail to your preferences.

Exclusive Limousine Coach Vancouver

Our team uses advanced technology to map out the most efficient routes, ensuring you arrive at your destination not just on time, but with ease. Right off the bat, you're not just another client; you're part of the Star Coach family. Highly trained and knowledgeable about the best routes in and around Vancouver, they ensure your journey is safe, comfortable, and on time. Let's turn your travel dreams into reality, offering you a journey that's as exceptional as your destination.
When you're looking for more than just a ride, their selection of vehicles guarantees that you'll find the perfect match for your needs, whether it's a corporate event, a wedding, or just a luxurious way to explore the city.

Transport charter

  1. Travel coach
  2. Event shuttles
  3. Transport services
  4. Custom bus rental
  5. Coach hire
  6. Group tour bus
  7. Private group transport
  8. Bus leasing
  9. Lower Mainland BC
  10. Luxury bus rental
  11. Executive bus charter
  12. Vancouver city
  13. Bus services
  14. Bus line
  15. Senior group travel
  16. Festival shuttle
  17. Tour transportation
  18. British Columbia
To ensure your booking experience is as luxurious as your ride, we've streamlined the reservation process, making it quick and straightforward. Each bus in their fleet undergoes regular, comprehensive inspections and maintenance.
Moreover, our drivers aren't just skilled at navigating the busy streets of Vancouver; they're ambassadors of hospitality, trained to offer a service that goes beyond just driving. When it comes to choosing a luxury bus rental in Vancouver, why does Star Coach consistently outshine the competition? Minibus rental If something unexpected pops up, we can adjust swiftly, without disrupting your schedule.
At Star Coach, it's not just about getting you to your destination; it's about making sure you enjoy every step of the journey. Choosing a luxury bus means you're not just thinking about logistics; you're crafting an experience. Our fleet includes everything from cozy minibuses perfect for smaller groups to full-sized luxury coaches that can accommodate larger parties with ease.

Explore Charter Bus Booking Vancouver here
Exclusive Limousine Coach Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

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